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Russia taking heavy losses as it wages new offensive in Ukraine_我的网站

霸王别姬

A | KYIV, Ukraine -- Russia appears to be suffering severe losses as it wages its new offensive in eastern Ukraine, amid some of the bloodiest fighting in months, according to Ukrainian officials and independent analysts.Russia has thrown thousands of troops and hundreds of tanks and armored vehicles into the offensive, which is focused mainly on the strategic city of Avdiivka and further north near the city of Kupiansk. Russian forces for roughly two weeks have been trying to encircle Avdiivka, which is one of the most heavily fortified areas of Ukraine's frontline.Ukrainian officials on Sunday claimed Russia had lost over 6,000 soldiers in a week, as well as over 400 armored vehicles and tanks. Britain's defense intelligence claimed Russian casualties have spiked by 90% since it began the offensive.ABC cannot independently verify those numbers, but numerous videos of the Russian attacks around Avdiivka released by Ukrainian units suggest Russia is taking losses on a scale not since last winter.Some of the videos show columns of Russian armor coming under withering Ukrainian fire as they try to advance, pummelled by artillery and anti-tank missiles, and running into minefields. In other videos, Russian forces can be seen being barraged by U.S.-supplied cluster munitions. Large groups of Russian infantry can be seen being struck by artillery.Open source analysts watching the videos have counted dozens of Russian vehicles destroyed and damaged.Ukraine does not publish its own casualties, but Ukrainian officials have acknowledged they are also large.So far Russian forces have made little progress, only advancing a few hundred meters, near Avdiivka, according to both Ukrainian and Russian accounts.But despite the losses, Russia is continuing its efforts to encircle Avdiivka. The Washington, D.C.-based Institute for the Study of War on Sunday assessed Russia was moving more troops up to continue the attack."Russian forces are funneling additional forces to the Avdiivka front despite ongoing challenges with frontal mechanized assaults and the failure of a renewed push on October 19-20," the ISW wrote in its daily update on the war.Ukrainian officials have said they believe the determined Russian effort to seize Avdiivka is motivated by the Kremlin's desire to claim a significant victory ahead of Russia's presidential elections next year."It appears that Russian forces are continuing to use ineffective and costly tactics in offensive efforts near Avdiivka leading to high personnel and vehicle losses, and that they have continuously done so in several waves of attacks over the past week suggests that the Russian military command is prioritizing this axis, despite continued and growing losses," the ISW wrote in an earlier assessment on Saturday.Some Russian pro-war military bloggers have criticised how the operation has been handled and the decision to attack the most heavily fortified area of Ukraine's line, given the small progress so far.Analysts, however, have warned that despite the catastrophic losses, Russia may still be able to encircle Avdiivka and that it still has sizeable reserves in the area.Vitaliy Barabash, the head of Avdiivka's Ukrainian military administration, on Monday said Russian forces were attempting to cut the only road leading to the city, which would isolate the Ukrainian forces defending it."Logistics are very difficult. Twenty two kilometers to the city are constantly under fire, both during the day and at night. It greatly complicates both evacuation and bringing in humanitarian aid. Any logistics is all through one road. Of course, the enemy is trying to cut it," Barabash said in a live interview with RFE/RL.He also said that 1,601 civilians still in Avdiivka did not want to leave.Ukraine is also still on the offensive. In the past week, an unusually large force from two elite Ukrainian Marine brigades landed on the Russian-occupied eastern bank of the Dneipr river in the Kherson region. The Ukrainian units have advanced into at least two villages there and are digging in, according to Russian military bloggers.The scale of the operation is still very unclear, but it appears Ukraine may be attempting to establish a bridgehead there that if successful could create a possibility for it to move larger forces across for a bigger attack, potentially opening a new front in its counteroffensive. For now, most analysts assess the size of the Ukrainian force operating on the eastern bank is still small.Ukrainian forces are also continuing to attack on the main axis of the counteroffensive in the southern Zaporizhzhia region and around the city of Bakhmut, reportedly making small advances.。

原标题：欧盟能源计划曝光：拟对低成本电价设定180欧元上限，整体用电量减少10%欧盟正考虑将非天然气发电收入上限设定在180欧元/每兆瓦时，以缓解近期愈演愈烈的电力危机。媒体最新报道称，欧盟在考虑将可再生能源和核能公司的发电收入上限设定在180欧元/每兆瓦时。欧盟国家将在电力交易完成后实施该上限，因此该上限不会影响交易所交易的电价。除此以外，委员会还在计划提议对石油、天然气、煤炭和精炼行业企业的超额利润征收至少33%的暂时性税费。此前市场高度关注的俄罗斯天然气价格上限则没有被包含在法规草案中，但欧盟目前正考虑在秋季晚些时候对俄罗斯天然气采取进口限制。在用电总量方面。欧盟委员会目前计划将整体用电量减少10%，同时设定在特定高峰时段将需求降低5%的强制性目标。最终数字需得到欧盟委员会的批准，然后需要各国政府批准。

B | 委员会还就能源交易抵押品事宜与银行业监管机构进行磋商，力图限制能源市场过度波动。最新非天然气发电收入上限较之前泄露的草案金额有所下降，总用电削减目标则基本一致。受欧盟出台能源干预措施消息影响，欧洲天然气价格周一大跌，创7月末以来收盘新低。

C | 媒体报道称，欧盟委员会将在本周内提出一项方案，将削减用电量的强制目标，以及向能源企业的利润征税。媒体指出，欧盟所提出的方案需要经过一系列步骤才能递交欧盟各成员国签字同意。目前的欧盟轮值主席国捷克计划在9月末以前达成方案相关的协议，但一些外交官称，方案可能需要欧盟国家领导人参与。欧盟领导人定于10月6日到7日在布拉格举行非正式会议，还将于10月20日到21日在布鲁塞尔举行一场峰会。德银此前分析认为，除俄罗斯带来的供应扰动，欧洲电力危机根源在于其一直以来采用的边际成本定价机制，同时高温致使水电、太阳能等发电量减少进一步加剧了供应短缺。德银分析指出，天然气发电厂在过去常常是边际电力供应商，也就是说天然气的发电成本决定了欧洲的电力价格。但最近几个月，由于天然气价格不断上涨，天然气发电厂的边际成本价格也在不断提高。天然气价格一旦上升，电价成本必然跟着上涨，即便一个国家的电力大部分来源于清洁能源发电，也得支付高电价。此外，欧洲电力供应商Margin Call暴增也给这次危机带来了许多不确定性。